BIG-IP Controller¶

Overview¶

The Cloud-Native Network Functions (CNFs) BIG-IP Controller, Edge Firewall, and Traffic Management Microkernel (TMM) Proxy Pods are the primary CNFs software components, and install together using Helm. Once integrated, Edge Firewall and the TMM Proxy Pods can be configured to process and protect high-performance 5G workloads using CNFs CRs.

This document guides you through creating the CNFs installation Helm values file, installing the Pods, and creating TMM’s clientside (upstream) and serverside (downstream) F5BigNetVlan interfaces.

Requirements¶

Ensure you have:

Installed the CNFs Software.
Installed the CNFs Cert Manager.
Completed the CNFs Licensing.
A Linux based workstation with Helm installed.

Procedures¶

The CNFs Pods rely on a number of custom Helm values to install successfully. Use the steps below to obtain important cluster configuration data, and create the proper BIG-IP Controller Helm values file for the installation.

If you haven’t already, create a new Project for the CNFs Pods:
```
oc new-project <project>
```
In this example, a new Project named cnf-gateway is created:
```
oc new-project cnf-gateway
```
Switch to the CNFs Project:

In this example, the cnf-gateway Project is selected:
```
oc project cnf-gateway
```

Defining the Platform type¶

While deploying the cluster on the OpenShift platform, set platformType parameter to ocp in ingress-values.yaml values file.
```
 global: 
   platformType: "ocp"  
```

TMM values¶

Use these steps to enable and configure the TMM Proxy Helm values for your environment.

To enable the TMM Proxy Helm values and to ensure Helm can obtain the image from the local image registry, add the following Helm values:
```
f5-tmm:
  enabled: true 
  tmm:
    image:
      repository: "local.registry.com"
```
Add the ServiceAccount for the TMM Pod to the privileged security context constraint (SCC):

A. By default, TMM uses the default ServiceAccount:
```
oc adm policy add-scc-to-user privileged -n <project> -z default
```
In this example, the default ServiceAccount is added to the privileged SCC for the cnf-gateway Project:
```
oc adm policy add-scc-to-user privileged -n cnf-gateway -z default
```
B. To use a custom ServiceAccount, you must also update the BIG-IP Controller Helm values file:

In this example, the custom spk-tmm ServiceAccount is added to the privileged SCC.
```
oc adm policy add-scc-to-user privileged -n cnf-gateway -z spk-tmm
```
In this example, the custom spk-tmm ServiceAccount is added to the Helm values file.
```
 f5-tmm:
   tmm:
     serviceAccount:
     name: spk-tmm
```
As described in the Networking Overview, the Controller uses OpenShift network node policies and network attachment definitions to create the TMM Proxy Pod interface list. Use the steps below to obtain the node policies and attachment definition names, and configure the TMM interface list:

A. Obtain the names of the network attachment definitions:
```
oc get net-attach-def
```
In this example, the network attachment definitions are named clientside-netdevice and serverside-netdevice:
```
clientside-netdevice
serverside-netdevice
```
B. Obtain the names of the network node policies using the network attachment definition resourceName parameter:
```
oc describe net-attach-def | grep openshift.io
```
In this example, the network node policies are named clientsideNetPolicy and serversideNetPolicy:
```
Annotations:  k8s.v1.cni.cncf.io/resourceName: openshift.io/clientsideNetPolicy
Annotations:  k8s.v1.cni.cncf.io/resourceName: openshift.io/serversideNetPolicy
```
C. Create a Helm values file named ingress-values.yaml and set the node attachment and node policy names to configure the TMM interface list:

In this example, the cniNetworks: parameter references the network attachments, and orders TMM’s interface list as: 1.1 (clientside) and 1.2 (serverside):
```
f5-tmm:
  tmm:
    cniNetworks: "namespace/clientside-netdevice,namespace/serverside-netdevice”
    customEnvVars:
     - name: OPENSHIFT_VFIO_RESOURCE_1
       value: "internalNetPolicy"
     - name: OPENSHIFT_VFIO_RESOURCE_2
       value: "externalNetPolicy"
```
CNFs supports Ethernet frames over 1500 bytes (Jumbo frames), up to a maxiumum transmission unit (MTU) size of 9000 bytes. To modify the MTU size, adapt theTMM_DEFAULT_MTU parameter:

Important: The same MTU value must be set in each of the installed F5BigNetVlan CRs. CNFs does not currently support different MTU sizes.
```
f5-tmm:
  tmm:
    customEnvVars:
      - name: TMM_DEFAULT_MTU
        value: "9000"
```
The Controller relies on the OpenShift Performance Addon Operator to dynamically allocate and properly align TMM’s CPU cores. Use the steps below to enable the Performance Addon Operator:

A. Obtain the full performance profile name from the runtimeClass parameter:
```
oc get performanceprofile -o jsonpath='{..runtimeClass}{"\n"}'
```
In this example, the performance profile name is performance-cnf-loadbalancer:
```
performance-cnf-loadbalancer
```
B. Use the performance profile name to configure the runtimeClassName parameter, and set the the parameters below in the Helm values file:
```
f5-tmm:
  tmm:
    topologyManager: "true"
    runtimeClassName: "performance-cnf-loadbalancer"

    pod:
      annotations:
      cpu-load-balancing.crio.io: disable
```

To advertise routing information between networks, or to scale TMM beyond a single instance, the f5-tmm-routing container must be enabled, and a Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) session must be established with an external neighbor. The parameters below configure an external BGP peering session:

_images/spk_info.png Note: For additional BGP configuration parameters, refer to the BGP Overview guide.

f5-tmm:
  tmm:
    dynamicRouting:
      enabled: true
      exportZebosLogs: true
      tmmRouting:
        image:
          repository: "registry.com"
        config:
          bgp:
            asn: 123
            neighbors:
              - ip: "192.168.10.100"
              asn: 456
              acceptsIPv4: true

       tmrouted:
         image:
           repository: "registry.com"

Set the TMM default Gateway either using BGP or the F5BigNetStaticroute Custom Resource (CR) and perform the following:

a. Set the add_k8s_routes paramter to true.

Sample configuration:

f5-tmm:
  tmm:
    add_k8s_routes: true

b. Provide RBAC user permissions for the ClusterRole or kubeadm-config configmaps.

Sample configuration:

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
  name: cr-f5-5gc-cgnat-{{.user}}
  # "namespace" omitted since ClusterRoles are not namespaced
rules:
apiGroups:
  - "" # "" indicates the core API group
  resources:
  - configmaps
  resourceNames:
  - kubeadm-config
  - tmm-k8s-routes-configmap-{{.ns}}
  verbs:
  - get
  - update
  - patch
  - list
  - watch

_images/spk_warn.png Important: If you enable the default gateway using either BGP or the F5BigNetStaticroute Custom Resource (CR) without enabling the add_k8s_routes paramter, pod-to-pod communication will fail.

When add_k8s_routes paramter is enabled, and if you intend to perform a product installation with a non-cluster admin, please set the parameters below:
```
create_k8s_routes_sa: false
k8s_routes_sa_name:<sa-name> 
```
For this service account, the permissions are only needed to run a prehook job to get pods and service networks on the cluster. This prehook job will be deleted once tmm-k8s-routes-configmap is created.

Use the below RBAC settings while creating a service account and user:

i. ClusterRoles:
- Bind the service account with the following RBAC rules:
```
- apiGroups:
    - config.openshift.io
  resources:
    - networks
  verbs:
    - get
```
- Add the following permissions to the F5BigDownloaderPolicy feature as it requires additional permissions:
```
- apiGroups:
    - apiextensions.k8s.io
  resources:
    - customresourcedefinitions
  verbs:
    - get
    - list
    - watch
    - update
```
ii. Role: Bind the below rules to the user:
```
- apiGroups:
   - batch
  resources:
   - jobs
  verbs:
   - create
   - delete
   - get
   - list
   - patch
   - update
   - watch
```
The Fluentd Logging collector is enabled by default, and requires setting the f5-toda-logging.fluentd.host parameter.

A. When Fluentd is enabled, ensure the fluentd.host parameter targets the BIG-IP Controller Namespace:

In this example, the host value includes the Fluentd Pod’s cnf-gateway Namespace.
```
 f5-tmm:
   f5-toda-logging:
     enabled: true
     fluentd:
       host: 'f5-toda-fluentd.cnf-utilities.svc.cluster.local.'
     sidecar:
       image: 
         repository: "local.registry.com"
```
B. When Fluentd is disabled, set the f5-toda-logging.enabled parameter to false:
```
 f5-tmm:
   f5-toda-logging:
     enabled: false
```

AFM values

To enable the Edge Firewall feature, and to ensure Helm can obtain the image from the local image registry, add the following Helm values:

global:
   afm:
     enabled: true
     pccd:
       enabled: true 

f5-afm:
   enabled: true
   cert-orchestrator:
     enabled: true
   afm:
     pccd:  
       enabled: true
       image:
        repository: "local.registry.com"

The Edge Firewall’s default firewall mode accepts all network packets not matching an F5BigFwPolicy firewall rule. You can modify this behavior using the F5BigContextGlobal Custom Resource (CR). For addition details about the default firewall mode and logging parameters, refer to the Firewall mode section of the F5BigFwPolicy overview:
The Fluentd Logging collector is enabled by default, and requires setting the f5-toda-logging.fluentd.host parameter. If you installed Fluentd, ensure the host parameter targets the Fluentd Pod’s namespace:

In this example, the host value includes the Fluentd Pod’s cnf-gateway Namespace.
```
f5-afm:
  afm:
    fluentbit_sidecar:
      fluentd:
        host: 'f5-toda-fluentd.cnf-gateway.svc.cluster.local.'
      image:
        repository: "local.registry.com"
```

IPSD values

Use these steps to enable and configure the Intrusion Prevention System Helm values for your environment.

To enable the IPSD Pod, and to ensure Helm can obtain the image from the local image registry, add the following Helm values:
```
f5-ipsd:
  enabled: true
  ipsd:
    image:
      repository: "local.registry.com"
```
The Fluentd Logging collector is enabled by default, and requires setting the f5-toda-logging.fluentd.host parameter. If you installed Fluentd, ensure the host parameter targets the Fluentd Pod’s namespace:

In this example, the host value includes the cnf-gateway Namespace.
```
f5-ipsd:
  ipsd:
    fluentbit_sidecar:
      fluentd:
        host: "f5-toda-fluentd.cnf-gateway.svc.cluster.local."
      image:
          repository: "local.registry.com"
```

Controller values

To ensure Helm can obtain the image from the local image registry, add the following Helm values:

The example below also includes the CNFs CWC values.

controller:
  image:
    repository: "local.registry.com"

  f5_lic_helper:
    enabled: true
    rabbitmqNamespace: "cnf-telemetry"
    image:
      repository: "local.registry.com"

The Fluentd Logging collector is enabled by default, and requires setting the f5-toda-logging.fluentd.host parameter. If you installed Fluentd, ensure the host parameter targets the Fluentd Pod’s namespace:

In this example, the host value includes the cnf-gateway Namespace.
```
controller:
  fluentbit_sidecar:
    fluentd:
      host: 'f5-toda-fluentd.cnf-gateway.svc.cluster.local.'
    image:
      repository: "local.registry.com"
```
To remove the singular reliance on RabbitMQ for fetching license information in the controller, do the following:

Install CNF with the CWC namespace:
```
controller:
  cwcNamespace: default
```
Note: The default value of cwcNamespace parameter is default.

If using a default RBAC, no change is required. For custom RBAC, to allow the controller to access the license from CWC, create a ClusterRole and ClusterRoleBinding with the F5Ingress controller service account as shown in the example:

kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: <ClusterRoleName>
rules:
- apiGroups: [" "]
  resources: ["secrets"]
  resourceNames: ["licensestatus"]
  verbs: ["list", "get", "watch"]

kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
  name: <ClusterRoleBindingName>
roleRef:
  kind: ClusterRole
  name: <ClusterRoleName>
  apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
  name: <cnff5ingressServiceAccount>
  namespace: <cnff5ingressNamespace>

Downloader values

Use these steps to enable and configure the Downloader Helm values for your environment.

To connect to the RabbitMQ open source message broker and ensure proper functioning of the downloader pod, enable the RabbitMQ namespace in the values.yaml file.

  downloader: 
  name: f5-downloader 
  debug: false
  rabbitmqNamespace: "cnf-telemetry" 
  storage: 
        enabled: true 
        storageClassName: standard 
        access: ReadWriteOnce

To enable the Downloader Pod, and to ensure Helm can obtain the image from the local image registry, add the following Helm values:
```
f5-downloader:
  enabled: true
  downloader:
    image:
      repository: "local.registry.com"
```
The Fluentd Logging collector is enabled by default, and requires setting the f5-toda-logging.fluentd.host parameter. If you installed Fluentd, ensure the host parameter targets the Fluentd Pod’s Namespace:

In this example, the host value includes the cnf-gateway Namespace.
```
f5-downloader:
  downloader:
    fluentbit_sidecar:
      image:
        repository: "local.registry.com"
      fluentd:
        host: "f5-toda-fluentd.cnf-gateway.svc.cluster.local."
```
If CNF is deployed on a cluster with multiple worker nodes, then it is best to set the downloader persistent storage access to ReadWriteMany and the storage class must support ReadWriteMany storage.

The following is an example for the values needed.
```
f5-downloader:
  enabled: true
  downloader:
      …
      storage:
          enabled: true
          access: ReadWriteMany
          storageClassName: robin-rwx
```

_images/spk_info.png Note: Along with this pod, CRD updater sidecar will also come up in the BIG-IP Controller pod.

Completed values

The completed Helm values file should appear similar to the following:

f5-tmm:
  enabled: true
  
  tmm:
    image:
      repository: "local.registry.com"

    hugepages:
    enabled: true

    sessiondb:
      useExternalStorage: "true"

    topologyManager: true
      runtimeClassName: "performance-cnf-loadbalancer"

    pod:
      annotations:
        cpu-load-balancing.crio.io: disable

    cniNetworks: "cnf-gateway/clientside-netdevice,cnf-gateway/serverside-netdevice"

    sessiondb:
      useExternalStorage: "true"

    add_k8s_routes: true

    customEnvVars:
      - name: OPENSHIFT_VFIO_RESOURCE_1
        value: "clientsideNetPolicy"
      - name: OPENSHIFT_VFIO_RESOURCE_2
        value: "serversideNetPolicy"
      - name: TMM_DEFAULT_MTU
        value: "9000"
      - name: SESSIONDB_DISCOVERY_SENTINEL
        value: "true"
      - name: SESSIONDB_EXTERNAL_SERVICE
        value: "f5-dssm-sentinel.cnf-gateway"
      - name: SSL_SERVERSIDE_STORE
        value: "/tls/tmm/mds/clt"
      - name: SSL_TRUSTED_CA_STORE
        value: "/tls/tmm/mds/clt"

    dynamicRouting:
      enabled: true	
      tmmRouting:
        image:
          repository: "local.registry.com"
        config:
          bgp:
            asn: 123
            neighbors:
              - ip: "192.168.10.200"
              asn: 456
              acceptsIPv4: true
 
      tmrouted:
        image:
          repository: "local.registry.com"
    
  blobd:
    image:
      repository: "local.registry.com"

    f5-toda-logging:
      enabled: true
      fluentd:
        host: 'f5-toda-fluentd.cnf-utilities.svc.cluster.local.'
        sidecar:
         image:
          repository: "local.registry.com"
 
    debug:
      enabled: true
      rabbitmqNamespace: "cnf-telemetry"
        image:
          repository: "local.registry.com"

global:
  afm:
    enabled: true
    pccd:
      enabled: true 

f5-afm:
  enabled: true
  cert-orchestrator:
    enabled: true
  afm:
    pccd:  
      enabled: true
      image:
        repository: "local.registry.com"
    fluentbit_sidecar:
      fluentd:
        host: 'f5-toda-fluentd.cnf-gateway.svc.cluster.local.'
      image:
        repository: "local.registry.com"

f5-ipsd:
  enabled: true
  ipsd:
    image:
      repository: "local.registry.com"
    fluentbit_sidecar:
      fluentd:
        host: "local.registry.com"
      image:
         repository: "local.registry.com"

controller:
  image:
    repository: "local.registry.com"

  f5_lic_helper:
    enabled: true
    rabbitmqNamespace: "cnf-telemetry"
    image:
      repository: "local.registry.com"

  fluentbit_sidecar:
    enabled: true
    fluentd:
      host: 'f5-toda-fluentd.cnf-utilities.svc.cluster.local.'
    image:
      repository: "local.registry.com"

Installation¶

Change into the directory containing the latest CNFs Software, and obtain the f5ingress Helm chart version:

In this example, the CNF files are in the cnfinstall directory:
```
cd cnfinstall
```
```
ls -1 tar | grep f5ingress
```
The example output should appear similar to the following:
```
f5ingress-v1000.480.0-0.0.10.tgz
```
If you haven’t already, create a new Project for the CNFs Pods using the following command syntax:
```
oc create ns <project name>
```
In this example, a new Project named cnf-gateway is created:
```
oc create ns cnf-gateway
```

Install the BIG-IP Controller using the following command syntax:

helm install f5ingress tar/<helm chart> \
-f <values file> -n <namespace>

For example:

helm install f5ingress tar/f5ingress-v1000.480.0-0.0.10.tgz \
-f ingress-values.yaml -n cnf-gateway

Verify the Pods have installed successfully, and all containers are Running:

oc get pods -n cnf-gateway

In this example, all containers have a STATUS of Running as expected:

NAME                                   READY   STATUS    
f5-afm-d67cd45d5-z6tch                 2/2     Running
f5-ipsd-d886bbb78-wb5w7                2/2     Running
f5-tmm-7458484b8c-fmbgd                4/4     Running
f5ingress-f5ingress-76d8679d4b-w989t   2/2     Running

Continue to the next procedure to configure the TMM interfaces.

Interfaces¶

The F5BigNetVlan Custom Resource (CR) applies TMM’s interface configuration; IP addresses, VLAN tags, MTU, etc. Use the steps below to configure and install clientside and serverside F5BigNetVlan CRs:

Configure external and internal F5BigNetVlan CRs. You can place both of the example CRs into a single YAML file:

_images/spk_warn.png Important: Set the cmp_hash parameter values to SRC_ADDR on the clientside (upstream) VLAN, and DST_ADDR on the serverside (downstream) VLAN.

apiVersion: "k8s.f5net.com/v1"
kind: F5BigNetVlan
metadata:
  name: "subscriber-vlan"
  namespace: "cnf-gateway"
spec:
  name: clientside
  interfaces:
    - "1.1"
  selfip_v4s:
    - 10.10.10.100
    - 10.10.10.101
  prefixlen_v4: 24
  selfip_v6s:
    - 2002::10:10:10:100
    - 2002::10:10:10:101
  prefixlen_v6: 116
  mtu: 9000
  cmp_hash: SRC_ADDR
---
apiVersion: "k8s.f5net.com/v1"
kind: F5BigNetVlan
metadata:
  name: "application-vlan"
  namespace: "cnf-gateway"
spec:
  name: serverside
  interfaces:
    - "1.2"
  selfip_v4s:
    - 192.168.10.100
    - 192.168.10.101
  prefixlen_v4: 24
  selfip_v6s:
    - 2002::192:168:10:100
    - 2002::192:168:10:101
  prefixlen_v6: 116
  mtu: 9000
  cmp_hash: DST_ADDR

Install the VLAN CRs:
```
oc apply -f cnf_vlans.yaml
```

List the VLAN CRs:

oc get f5-big-net-vlan -n cnf-gateway

In this example, the VLAN CRs are installed:

NAME
vlan-client
vlan-server

If the Debug Sidecar is enabled (the default), you can verify the f5-tmm container’s interface configuration:

oc exec -it deploy/f5-tmm -c debug -n cnf-gateway -- ip a

The interfaces should appear at the bottom of the list:

8: clientside: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 9000
    inet 10.10.10.100/24 brd 192.168.10.0 scope global client
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 2002::192:168:10:100/112 scope global
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
9: serverside: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 9000
    link/ether 1e:80:c1:e8:81:15 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.10.100/24 brd 10.10.10.0 scope global server
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 2002::10:10:10:100/112 scope global
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

Uninstallation¶

The following steps are mandatory for cleaning up product installations:

Delete all configured CRs:

oc delete -f <cr-file> -n <*namespace>

For example:

oc delete -f cnf_vlans.yaml -n cnf-gateway

Uninstall the product:

helm uninstall <helm-installation-name> -n <*namespace>

For example:

helm uninstall f5ingress -n cnf-gateway

_images/spk_info.png Note: In the above commands, the namespace can be either tmmNamespace or watchNamespace.

_images/spk_warn.png Important: If the above order is missed, then below script can be used to clean up finalizers from CR’s and proceed with uninstallation of product and namespace.

  #!/bin/sh

  if [ $# -ne 1 ] ; then
      echo "Invalid Arguments, provide namespace as argument"
      exit 1
  fi

  echo "This will remove finalizers of all usecase CRs of namespace $1"

  crs=$(oc api-resources --namespaced=true --verbs=list -o name | egrep 'f5-big|f5-cnf' | xargs -n 1 oc get --show-kind --ignore-not-found -n $1 | grep f5 | cut -d ' ' -f 1)

  for cr in $crs; do
     result=$(oc -n $1 patch $cr -p '{"metadata":{"finalizers":[]}}' --type=merge)
     echo $result
  done

  echo ""
  echo "Removed finalizers of all CRs of namespace $1"

For more details, refer to the Finalizers section in the CNF CRs guide.

Next step¶

To begin processing application traffic, continue to the CNFs CRs guide.

Feedback¶

Provide feedback to improve this document by emailing cnfdocs@f5.com.

Supplemental¶

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